Report on free status of the bacterial shoot blight of pear in Japan

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28-03-2003

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Date: March 28, 2003 NPPO: Plant Protection Division, Agricultural Production Bureau Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries The Government of Japan Subject? Report on free status of the bacterial shoot blight of pear in Japan 1. The bacterial shoot blight of pear was confirmed to break out on pear trees in a part of Hokkaido (located in the northern Japan)by Tanii et al(1976)1), and was proposed Erwinia amylovora pv. pyri (strain which has distinct pathogenicity only on pear) as a causal pathogen of this disease in scientific name by Tanii (1983)2) , followed by identification as E. amylovora bv.4 (strain which has some of differential physiological and biochemical properties from the strain in countries outside of Japan)by Mizuno et al. (2000)3). 2. From October 19, 1995, emergency control based on the Plant Protection law was carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Hokkaido prefectural government in Asahikawa-shi, Iwamizawa-shi, Kurisawa-cho and Mashike-cho in Hokkaido where the occurrence of this disease were confirmed4). The emergency control consisted of following main measures: a. Designation of Control Areas (city or town area unit) ? b. Prohibition on movement of apple and pear plants to the outside of the Control Areas c. Restriction on movement of apple and pear fruits to the outside of the Control Areas (mandatory inspections and disinfection of the fruits) d. Cutting down/incineration or burying of the diseased pear trees and all of pear trees within a radius of 40m from the diseased trees, and incineration or burying of pear and apple fruits therefrom. e. Chemical control of pear and apple trees within a radius of 500m from the diseased trees 645 trees of pear, 27 tons of pear fruits and 16 tons of apple fruits were incinerated or buried by the emergency control. Consequently, the occurrence of this disease has not been confirmed over the period of more than 3 years since the final confirmation in 1996, then the emergency control ended on August 31, 19995)6)7). 3. No occurrence of this disease has been confirmed after 1996 until 2002 through the monitoring survey for the disease which has been carried out regularly. References and materials 1. Tanii, A(1976). Bacterial diseases of various crops(preview). Ann. phytopath. Soc. Japan 42:96 (abstract, in Japanese) 2. Tanii, A(1983). A fire blight-like disorder of pear and its causal pathogen. Proceeding of the 12th Symposium on Plant Bacteriology in Japan 18-23. 3. Mizuno, A. et al (2000). Taxonomic Position of the Causal Pathogen of Bacterial Shoot Blight of Pear. Journal of General Plant Pathology 66:48-58 4. Ministerial ordinance No. 55, 1995 (October 16, 1995, official gazette No. 1751) 5. Ministerial ordinance No. 65, 1998 (July 31, 1998, official gazette No. 2435) 6. Ministerial ordinance No. 72, 1999 (October 27, 1999, official gazette No. 2738) 7. Yokohama Plant Protection Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (1999). Fulfillment of emergency control of Bacterial Shoot Blight of Pear. Pests and Diseases Information No. 59.

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